Frederick Gowland Hopkins

An English biochemist who published in 1912 in the Journal of Physiology that rats fed a diet of pure proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals and water stopped growing, and that growth resumed once a small quantity of milk was added back, concluding that food contains unidentified accessory factors the body needs in minute amounts. He shared the 1929 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Christiaan Eijkman.