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Electroconvulsive Therapy

Also Known As ECT
Psychiatric Therapy

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Electroconvulsive therapy passes a controlled electric current through the brain to induce a brief seizure. Ugo Cerletti and his assistant Lucio Bini, neuro-psychiatrists at Sapienza University of Rome, developed it in 1938; Cerletti had been inducing seizures in animal experiments and, after observing pigs electrically stunned before slaughter, proposed electricity as a substitute for the chemical convulsive agents (camphor, then metrazol) that the Hungarian neuropsychiatrist Ladislas Meduna had introduced in 1934. ECT was originally intended for severe schizophrenia; it later proved most effective for affective disorders such as major depression instead. Cerletti and Bini were nominated for, but never awarded, a Nobel Prize, and competitive tensions between the two damaged their relationship once the device was commercialized internationally.

Facts
Origin Year
1938 1
Cross-Tradition Connections

Discovered By

Treats

Depression, Conditions

Originally intended for schizophrenia; later proved most effective for affective disorders such as depression.

Sources
1. Wikipedia: Electroconvulsive Therapy
WikipediaDevelopers and Timeline; Original Purpose; Precedent; Notable Controversy
Quote, Developers and Timeline; Original Purpose; Precedent; Notable Controversy
Cerletti, who had been using electric shocks to produce seizures in animal experiments, and his assistant Lucio Bini...developed the idea of using electricity as a substitute for metrazol in convulsive therapy.
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1. Wikipedia: Electroconvulsive Therapy
Wikipedialead
Quote, lead
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a psychiatric treatment that causes a generalized seizure by passing electrical current through the brain.
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1. Wikipedia: Electroconvulsive Therapy
WikipediaHistory
Quote, History
Convulsive therapy was introduced in 1934 by Hungarian neuropsychiatrist Ladislas J. Meduna who, believing mistakenly that schizophrenia and epilepsy were antagonistic disorders, induced seizures first with camphor and then metrazol (cardiazol).
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1. Wikipedia: Electroconvulsive Therapy
WikipediaDiscovered By: Ugo CerlettiView the Source
1. Wikipedia: Electroconvulsive Therapy
WikipediaDiscovered By: Lucio BiniView the Source
1. Wikipedia: Electroconvulsive Therapy
WikipediaTreats: DepressionView the Source
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